Journal voucher: recording adjustments your auditor can follow
A journal voucher documents a manual accounting entry — what was posted, why, and who approved it. What it must contain, when you need one, and the controls that stop errors.
A marketing budget template is where good intentions meet arithmetic. Build it by channel with time included, and the conversation about what to cut becomes possible.
A marketing budget template turns a plan into numbers: what each channel costs, when the money goes out, and what you expect back. Its real function is not control — it is making trade-offs visible, so the decision to spend on one thing is recognisably a decision not to spend on another.
The version most companies build understates costs in the same two places: it omits the cost of people's time, and it forgets that production is usually more expensive than distribution. The result is a budget that looks affordable and a quarter that overruns without anyone knowing why.
Cost internal time or you will systematically over-invest in the channels that look free. Two days a week producing content is roughly a quarter of a salary; compare that honestly against a paid campaign before concluding that organic is cheaper. It often still is — but the comparison has to be real.
A budget that is never compared to what was spent is a wish. The comparison is only possible if your marketing categories match the accounts your bookkeeping uses — which is a decision to make once, at the start, and a painful retrofit afterwards. Agree the category names with whoever keeps the books before the first invoice, and the monthly review becomes a filter rather than a reconstruction.
The plan and the model belong in Ettex Sheets — formulas, monthly phasing, charts of spend against plan, pivots by channel — and the actuals live in Ettex Books: a chart of accounts structured the way accountants expect, so marketing categories are real accounts rather than notes; categories and auto-categorisation rules so recurring tool subscriptions file themselves consistently; attachments on any entry so the invoice sits with the transaction; multi-currency with rate tracking for platforms billing in another currency; instant search across all periods; and P&L and ledger export as PDF, CSV or XLS to compare against the plan. The written plan around the numbers sits in Ettex Docs, and supplier agreements go through Ettex Signature.
Said plainly: Ettex Books has no budgeting module. There is no budget-versus-actual view, no variance reporting and no forecast built in — you keep the budget in a spreadsheet and compare it against exported actuals each month. Nor is there any advertising-platform integration, so spend does not flow in automatically. That is a manual monthly step; for a marketing budget reviewed monthly it takes minutes, and it is worth knowing before you expect otherwise.
Spend needs a shape before it needs a number. A media plan template sets channels, flighting, reach targets and cost per channel, so the budget conversation starts from a plan rather than a total.
A row per channel with activities beneath it, split into media, production, tools and internal time, phased monthly, with expected outcomes and a protected contingency.
Yes. It is usually the largest cost and omitting it makes organic channels appear free, which distorts the comparison the budget exists to enable.
There is no reliable universal percentage — it depends on margins, sales cycle and growth stage. A more useful question is cost per acquired customer against what a customer is worth to you.
Plan annually if you must, but phase monthly. Annual totals hide the periods where campaigns and cash requirements coincide.
Use the same categories in the budget as in your accounts, agreed before the first invoice, then compare exported actuals to the plan each month.
Move money between channels based on outcomes, not just approve more. A review that can only add is how budgets grow without improving.
A marketing budget template is worth building when it includes time, phases by month, and uses the same categories as your books. Then the quarterly question becomes which channel to move money to, rather than how much more to ask for.
A journal voucher documents a manual accounting entry — what was posted, why, and who approved it. What it must contain, when you need one, and the controls that stop errors.
Consolidated accounts present a group as one entity. Who must prepare them, what gets eliminated, and the reconciliations that decide how long it takes.
Fund accounting tracks money by the restrictions attached to it. Who needs it, how restricted funds work, and the reporting it makes possible.